Investigation of the influence of design details on short implant biomechanics using colorimetric photoelastic analysis: a pilot study
Zielak, João César; Archetti, Felipe Belmonte; Scotton, Ricardo; Filietaz, Marcelo; Storrer, Carmen Lucia Mueller; Giovanini, Allan Fernando; Deliberador, Tatiana Miranda
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2446-4740.0630
Res. Biomed. Eng., vol.31, n4, p.313-318, 2015
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Abstract
Introduction: The clinical survival of a dental implant is directly related to its biomechanical behavior. Since short implants present lower bone/implant contact area, their design may be more critical to stress distribution to surrounding tissues. Photoelastic analysis is a biomechanical method that uses either simple qualitative results or complex calculations for the acquisition of quantitative data. In order to simplify data acquisition, we performed a pilot study to demonstrate the investigation of biomechanics via correlation of the findings of colorimetric photoelastic analysis (stress transition areas; STAs) of design details between two types of short dental implants under axial loads. Methods: Implants were embedded in a soft photoelastic resin and axially loaded with 10 and 20 N of force. Implant design features were correlated with the STAs (mm2) of the colored fringes of colorimetric photoelastic analysis. Results: Under a 10 N load, the surface area of the implants was directly related to STA, whereas under a 20 N load, the surface area and thread height were inversely related to STA. Conclusion: A smaller external thread height seemed to improve the biomechanical performance of the short implants investigated.
Keywords
Biomechanics, Dental implants, Dental stress analysis, Short implants.
References
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Maeda Y, Miura J, Taki I, Sogo M. Biomechanical analysis on platform switching: is there any biomechanical rationale? Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2007; 18(5):581-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2007.01398.x. PMid:17608737.
Menicucci G, Mossolov A, Mozzati M, Lorenzetti M, Preti G. Tooth-implant connection: some biomechanical aspects based on finite element analysis. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2002; 13(3):334-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2002.130315.x. PMid:12010166.
Monje A, Fu JH, Chan HL, Suarez F, Galindo-Moreno P, Catena A, Wang HL. Do implant length and width matter for short dental implants (6-9 mm)? A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Journal of Periodontology. 2013; 84(12):1783-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2013.120745. PMid:23451988.
Orsini E, Giavaresi G, Trire A, Ottani V, Salgarello S. Dental implant thread pitch and its influence on the osseointegration process: an in vitro comparison study. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2012; 27(2):383-92. PMid:22442779.
Rismanchian M, Birang R, Shahmoradi M, Talebi H, Zare RJ. Developing a new dental implant design and comparing its biomechanical features with four designs. Dental Research Journal. 2010; 7(2):70-5. PMid:22013460.
Romanos GE, Malmstrom H, Feng C, Ercoli C, Caton J. Immediately loaded platform-switched implants in the anterior mandible with fixed prostheses: a randomized, split-mouth, masked prospective trial. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 2014; 16(6):884-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cid.12065. PMid:23551623.
Rossi AC, Freire AR, Prado FB, Asprino L, Correr-Sobrinho L, Caria PHF. Photoelastic and finite element analyses of occlusal loads in mandibular body. Anatomy Research International. 2014; 2014:174028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/17402.
Sakka S, Coulthard P. Implant failure: etiology and complications. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. 2011; 16(1):e42-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/medoral.16.e42. PMid:20526267.
Silva DP, Cazal C, Almeida FC, Dias RB, Ballester RY. Photoelastic stress analysis surrounding implant-supported prosthesis and alveolar ridge on mandibular overdentures. International Journal of Dentistry. 2010; 2010:780670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/780670.
Stellingsma C, Vissink A, Meijer HJA, Kuiper C, Raghoebar GM. Implantology and the severely resorbed edentulous mandible. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine. 2004; 15(4):240-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154411130401500406. PMid:15284188.
Tada S, Stegaroiu R, Kitamura E, Miyakawa O, Kusakari H. Influence of implant design and bone quality on stress/strain distribution in bone around implants: a 3-dimensional finite element analysis. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2003; 18(3):357-68. PMid:12814310.
Teixeira MF, Ramalho SA, Sartori IAM, Lehmann RB. Finite element analysis of 2 immediate loading systems in edentulous mandible: rigid and semirigid splinting of implants. Implant Dentistry. 2010; 19(1):39-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ID.0b013e3181cc7ffc. PMid:20147815.
Ueda C, Markarian RA, Sendyk CL, Laganá DC. Photoelastic analysis of stress distribution on parallel and angled implants after installation of fixed prostheses. Brazilian Oral Research. 2004; 18(1):45-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-83242004000100009. PMid:15273786.
Vandeweghe S, De Bruyn H. A within-implant comparison to evaluate the concept of platform switching: a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Oral Implantology. 2012; 5(3):253-62. PMid:23000709.
Zielak JC, Filietaz M, Archetti FB, Camati PR, Verbicaro T, Scotton R, Furuse AY, Gonzaga CC. Colorimetric photoelastic analysis of tension distribution around dental implants. Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia. 2013; 10(4):318-25.
Assunção WG, Barão VAR, Tabata LF, Gomes EA, Delbem JA, Santos PH. Biomechanics studies in dentistry: bioengineering applied in oral implantology. The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2009; 20(4):1173-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181acdb81. PMid:19568186.
Baggi L, Girolamo M, Vairo G, Sannino G. Comparative evaluation of osseointegrated dental implants based on platform-switching concept: influence of diameter, length, thread shape, and in-bone positioning depth on stress-based performance. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine. 2013; 2013:250929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/250929.
Bilhan H, Mumcu E, Erol S, Kutay Ö. Influence of platform-switching on marginal bone levels for implants with mandibular overdentures: a retrospective clinical study. Implant Dentistry. 2010; 19(3):250-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ID.0b013e3181dc9d1a. PMid:20523181.
Çehreli M, Sahin S, Akça K. Role of mechanical environment and implant design on bone tissue differentiation: current knowledge and future contexts. Journal of Dentistry. 2004; 32(2):123-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2003.09.003. PMid:14749084.
Chang SH, Lin CL, Hsue SS, Lin YS, Huang SR. Biomechanical analysis of the effects of implant diameter and bone quality in short implants placed in the atrophic posterior maxilla. Medical Engineering & Physics. 2012; 34(2):153-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.07.005. PMid:21807548.
Choi KS, Park SH, Lee JH, Jeon YC, Yun MJ, Jeong CM. Stress distribution on scalloped implants with different microthread and connection configurations using three-dimensional finite element analysis. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2012; 27(3):e29-38. PMid:22616069.
Chun HJ, Cheong SY, Han JH, Heo SJ, Chung JP, Rhyu IC, Choi YC, Baik HK, Ku Y, Kim MH. Evaluation of design parameters of osseointegrated dental implants using finite element analysis. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 2002; 29(6):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2002.00891.x. PMid:12071926.
Duaibis R, Kusnoto B, Natarajan R, Zhao L, Evans C. Factors affecting stresses in cortical bone around miniscrew implants: a three-dimensional finite element study. The Angle Orthodontist. 2012; 82(5):875-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/111011-696.1. PMid:22390634.
Dursun E, Tulunoglu I, Ozbek SM, Uysal S, Akalın FA, Kilinc K, Karabulut E, Tözüm TF. The influence of platform switching on clinical, laboratory, and image-based measures: a prospective clinical study. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 2014; 16(6):936-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cid.12054. PMid:23490454.
Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Felice P, Karatzopoulos G, Worthington HV, Coulthard P. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: horizontal and vertical bone augmentation techniques for dental implant treatment. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2009; 7(4):CD003607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858. PMid:19821311.
Goodacre CJ, Bernal GB, Rungcharassaeng K, Kan JY. Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2003; 90(2):121-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(03)00212-9. PMid:12886205.
Haruta A, Matsushita Y, Tsukiyama Y, Sawae Y, Sakai N, Koyano K. Effects of mucosal thickness on the stress distribution and denture stability of mandibular implant-supported overdentures with unsplinted attachments in vitro. Journal of Dental Biomechanics. 2011; 2011:894395. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/894395.
Khayat PG, Arnal HM, Tourbah BI, Sennerby L. Clinical outcome of dental implants placed with high insertion torques (up to 176 Ncm). Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 2013; 15(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2011.00351.x. PMid:21599832.
Lesmes D, Laster Z. Innovations in dental implant design for current therapy. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America. 2011; 23(2):193-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coms.2011.02.001. PMid:21492795.
Lopes MB, Valarini N, Moura SK, Guiraldo RD, Gonini A Jr. Photoelastic analysis of stress generated by a silorane-based restoration system. Brazilian Oral Research. 2011; 25(4):302-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-83242011000400004. PMid:21860916.
Maeda Y, Miura J, Taki I, Sogo M. Biomechanical analysis on platform switching: is there any biomechanical rationale? Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2007; 18(5):581-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2007.01398.x. PMid:17608737.
Menicucci G, Mossolov A, Mozzati M, Lorenzetti M, Preti G. Tooth-implant connection: some biomechanical aspects based on finite element analysis. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2002; 13(3):334-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2002.130315.x. PMid:12010166.
Monje A, Fu JH, Chan HL, Suarez F, Galindo-Moreno P, Catena A, Wang HL. Do implant length and width matter for short dental implants (6-9 mm)? A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Journal of Periodontology. 2013; 84(12):1783-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2013.120745. PMid:23451988.
Orsini E, Giavaresi G, Trire A, Ottani V, Salgarello S. Dental implant thread pitch and its influence on the osseointegration process: an in vitro comparison study. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2012; 27(2):383-92. PMid:22442779.
Rismanchian M, Birang R, Shahmoradi M, Talebi H, Zare RJ. Developing a new dental implant design and comparing its biomechanical features with four designs. Dental Research Journal. 2010; 7(2):70-5. PMid:22013460.
Romanos GE, Malmstrom H, Feng C, Ercoli C, Caton J. Immediately loaded platform-switched implants in the anterior mandible with fixed prostheses: a randomized, split-mouth, masked prospective trial. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 2014; 16(6):884-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cid.12065. PMid:23551623.
Rossi AC, Freire AR, Prado FB, Asprino L, Correr-Sobrinho L, Caria PHF. Photoelastic and finite element analyses of occlusal loads in mandibular body. Anatomy Research International. 2014; 2014:174028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/17402.
Sakka S, Coulthard P. Implant failure: etiology and complications. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. 2011; 16(1):e42-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/medoral.16.e42. PMid:20526267.
Silva DP, Cazal C, Almeida FC, Dias RB, Ballester RY. Photoelastic stress analysis surrounding implant-supported prosthesis and alveolar ridge on mandibular overdentures. International Journal of Dentistry. 2010; 2010:780670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/780670.
Stellingsma C, Vissink A, Meijer HJA, Kuiper C, Raghoebar GM. Implantology and the severely resorbed edentulous mandible. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine. 2004; 15(4):240-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154411130401500406. PMid:15284188.
Tada S, Stegaroiu R, Kitamura E, Miyakawa O, Kusakari H. Influence of implant design and bone quality on stress/strain distribution in bone around implants: a 3-dimensional finite element analysis. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2003; 18(3):357-68. PMid:12814310.
Teixeira MF, Ramalho SA, Sartori IAM, Lehmann RB. Finite element analysis of 2 immediate loading systems in edentulous mandible: rigid and semirigid splinting of implants. Implant Dentistry. 2010; 19(1):39-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ID.0b013e3181cc7ffc. PMid:20147815.
Ueda C, Markarian RA, Sendyk CL, Laganá DC. Photoelastic analysis of stress distribution on parallel and angled implants after installation of fixed prostheses. Brazilian Oral Research. 2004; 18(1):45-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-83242004000100009. PMid:15273786.
Vandeweghe S, De Bruyn H. A within-implant comparison to evaluate the concept of platform switching: a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Oral Implantology. 2012; 5(3):253-62. PMid:23000709.
Zielak JC, Filietaz M, Archetti FB, Camati PR, Verbicaro T, Scotton R, Furuse AY, Gonzaga CC. Colorimetric photoelastic analysis of tension distribution around dental implants. Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia. 2013; 10(4):318-25.
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