Low-intensity laser therapy improves tetanic contractions in mouse anterior tibialis muscle injected with Bothrops jararaca snake venom
Giaretta, Vania Maria de Araújo; Santos, Luiz Prudêncio; Barbosa, Ana Maria; Hyslop, Stephen; Corrado, Alexandre Pinto; Galhardo, Milene Sanches; Nicolau, Renata Amadei; Cogo, José Carlos
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2446-4740.04515
Res. Biomed. Eng., vol.32, n2, p.153-160, 2016
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Abstract
Introduction: Envenomation by Bothrops snakes can produce local pain, edema, hemorrhage and myonecrosis. However, standard antivenom therapy is generally ineffective in neutralizing these effects so that alternative methods of treatment have been investigated. In experimental animals, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) attenuates the local effects of Bothrops venoms, but the benefits of LLLT on muscle function after envenomation are unclear. In this study, we examined the influence of LLLT on the contractile activity of mouse skeletal muscle injected with venom from Bothrops jararaca, the principal cause of snakebite in southeastern Brazil. Methods: Twenty-seven male mice were used. Mice were injected with venom (40 μg in 50 μl) in the right anterior tibialis muscle, after which the muscle tendon was exposed, connected to an isometric transducer and subjected to a resting tension of 1 g. A bipolar electrode was attached to the tibial nerve for electrical stimulation. The mice were randomly allocated to five groups: A – Control (n = 3), B – Venom 3 h (n = 6), C – Venom 9 h (n = 6), D – Venom + Laser 3 h (n = 6), E – Venom + Laser 9 h (n = 6). Results: The two groups that received LLLT post-venom showed improved muscle contraction and contracture in relation to muscle treated with venom alone. Conclusion: These results indicate that LLLT can improve muscle function after damage induced by B. jararaca venom.
Keywords
Bothrops jararaca, Low-level laser therapy, Muscle activity, Muscle fatigue, Snake venom, Tetanus.
References
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Dourado DM, Fávero S, Baranauskas V, Cruz-Höfling MA. Effects of the Ga-As laser irradiation on myonecrosis caused by Bothrops moojeni snake venom. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2003; 33(5):352-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lsm.10237. PMid:14677163.
Dourado DM, Favero S, Matias R, Carvalho PTC, Cruz-Höfling MA. Low-level laser therapy promotes vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 expression in endothelial and nonendothelial cells of mice gastrocnemius exposed to snake venom. Photochemistry and Photobiology. 2011; 87(2):419-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00878.x. PMid:21166811.
Ferraz MC, Parrilha LAC, Moraes MSD, Amaral J Fo, Cogo JC, Santos MG, Franco LM, Groppo FC, Puebla P, Feliciano AS, Oshima-Franco Y. The effect of lupane triterpenoids (Dipteryx alata Vogel) in the in vitro neuromuscular blockade and myotoxicity of two snake venoms. Current Organic Chemistry. 2012; 16(1385-2728):2717-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138527212804004481.
Ferraz MC, Yoshida EH, Tavares RVS, Cogo JC, Belo CAD, Franco LM, Santos MG, Hyslop S, Puebla P, Feliciano AS, Oshima-Franco Y. An isoflavone from Dipteryx alata vogel is active against paralysis of Bothrops jararacussu snake venom and Bothrops venom-induced myonecrosis. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2014; 19(5):5790-805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules19055790. PMid:24806579.
Fikackova H, Dostalova L, Vosicka R, Peterova V, Navratil L, Lesak J. Arthralgia of the temporomandibular joint and low-level laser therapy. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2006; 24(4):522-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/pho.2006.24.522. PMid:16942435.
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Giaretta VMA, Santos LP, Barbosa AM, Hyslop S, Corrado AP, Nicolau RA, Cogo JC. Effect of low-level laser therapy (GaAlAs - λ660 nm) on muscle function. Research in Biomedical Engineering. 2015; 31(3):241-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2446-4740.0736.
Guimarães-Souza L, Dale CS, Nadur-Andrade N, Barbosa AM, Cogo JC, Zamuner SR. Low-level laser therapy reduces edema, leukocyte influx and hyperalgesia induced by Bothrops jararacussu snake venom. Clinical and Experimental Medical Letters. 2011; 52(3-4):97-102.
Gutiérrez JM, Lomonte B, León G, Rucavado A, Chaves F, Ângulo Y. Trends in snakebite envenomation therapy: scientific, technological and public health considerations. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2007; 13(28):2935-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161207782023784. PMid:17979738.
Gutiérrez JM, Ownby CL. Skeletal muscle degeneration induced by venom phospholipases A2: insights into the mechanisms of local and systemic myotoxicity. Toxicon. 2003; 42(8):915-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2003.11.005. PMid:15019491.
Kato MT, Kogawa EM, Santos CN, Conti PCR. TENS and low-level laser therapy in the management of temporomandibular disorders. Journal of Applied Oral Science. 2006; 14(2):130-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-77572006000200012. PMid:19089044.
Kelencz CA, Munoz ISS, Amorim CF, Nicolau RA. Effect of low-power gallium-aluminium-arsenium non-coherent light (640 nm) on muscle activity: a clinical study. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2010; 28(5):647-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/pho.2008.2467.
Leal ECP Jr, Lopes-Martins RÁB, Almeida P, Ramos L, Iversen VV, Bjordal JM. Effect of low-level laser therapy (GaAs 904 nm) in skeletal muscle fatigue and biochemical markers of muscle damage in rats. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2010; 108(6):1083-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1321-1. PMid:20024577.
Leal ECP Jr, Lopes-Martins RÁB, Baroni BM, Marchi T, Taufer D, Manfro DS, Rech M, Danna V, Grosselli D, Generosi RA, Marcos RL, Ramos L, Bjordal JM. Effect of 830 nm low-level laser therapy applied before high-intensity exercises on skeletal muscle recovery in athletes. Lasers in Medical Science. 2009; 24(6):857-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10103-008-0633-4. PMid:19057981.
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