Correlation between spectral and temporal mechanomyography features during functional electrical stimulation
Krueger, Eddy; Scheeren, Eduardo Mendonça; Nogueira-Neto, Guilherme Nunes ; Button, Vera Lúcia da Silveira Nantes; Nohama, Percy
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2446-4740.02315
Res. Biomed. Eng., vol.32, n1, p.85-91, 2016
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Abstract
Introduction: Signal analysis involves time and/or frequency domains, and correlations are described in the literature for voluntary contractions. However, there are few studies about those correlations using mechanomyography (MMG) response during functional electrical stimulation (FES) elicited contractions in spinal cord injured subjects. This study aimed to determine the correlation between spectral and temporal MMG features during FES application to healthy (HV) and spinal cord injured volunteers (SCIV).
Methods: Twenty volunteers participated in the research divided in two groups: HV (N=10) and SCIV (N=10). The protocol consisted of four FES profiles transcutaneously applied to quadriceps femoris muscle via femoral nerve. Each application produced a sustained knee extension greater than 65º up to 2 min without adjusting FES intensity.
The investigation involved the correlation between MMG signal root mean square (RMS) and mean frequency (MF). Results: HV and SCIV indicated that MMGRMS and MMGMF variations were inversely related with -0.12 ≥ r ≥ -0.82. The dispersion between MMGMF and MMGRMS reached 0.50 ≤ r2 ≤ 0.64.
Conclusion: The increase in MMGRMS and the decrease in MMGMF may be explained by the motor units coherence during fatigue state or by motor neuron adaptation (habituation) along FES application (without modification on parameters).
Keywords
Functional electrical stimulation, Mechanomyography, Muscular physiology.
References
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Seki K, Ogura T, Sato M, Ichie M. Changes of the evoked mechanomyogram during electrical stimulation. In: Annual Conference of the International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society; 2003; Brisbane. Sunshine Coast: IFESS; 2003.
Smith DB, Housh TJ, Stout JR, Johnson GO, Evetovich TK, Ebersole KT. Mechanomyographic responses to maximal eccentric isokinetic muscle actions. Journal of Applied Physiology. 1997; 82(3):1003-7. PMid:9074994.
Søgaard K, Orizio C, Sjøgaard G. Surface mechanomyogram amplitude is not attenuated by intramuscular pressure. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2006; 96(2):178-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-004-1211-5. PMid:15375662.
Spielmann JM, Laouris Y, Nordstrom MA, Robinson GA, Reinking RM, Stuart DG. Adaptation of cat motoneurons to sustained and intermittent extracellular activation. The Journal of Physiology. 1993; 464(1):75-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019625. PMid:8229829.
Stock MS, Beck TW, DeFreitas JM, Dillon MA. Linearity and reliability of the mechanomyographic amplitude versus concentric dynamic torque relationships for the superficial quadriceps femoris muscles. Muscle & Nerve. 2009; 41:324-49.
Tarata MT. Mechanomyography versus electromyography, in monitoring the muscular fatigue. Biomedical Engineering Online. 2003; 2(1):3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-2-3. PMid:12625837.
Yao W, Fuglevand RJ, Enoka RM. Motor-unit synchronization increases EMG amplitude and decreases force steadiness of simulated contractions. Journal of Neurophysiology. 2000; 83(1):441-52. PMid:10634886.
Artuğ NT, Goker I, Bolat B, Osman O, Orhan EK, Baslo MB. The effect of recording site on extracted features of motor unit action potential. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 2016. In press. PMid:26817404.
Blangsted AK, Sjøgaard G, Madeleine P, Olsen HB, Søgaard K. Voluntary low-force contraction elicits prolonged low-frequency fatigue and changes in surface electromyography and mechanomyography. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2005; 15(2):138-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2004.10.004. PMid:15664144.
Blemker SS, Delp SL. Rectus femoris and vastus intermedius fiber excursions predicted by three-dimensional muscle models. Journal of Biomechanics. 2006; 39(8):1383-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.04.012. PMid:15972213.
Bohannon RW, Smith M. Interrater reliability of a Modified Ashworth Scale of muscle spasticity. Physical Therapy. 1987; 67(2):206-7. PMid:3809245.
Cè E, Rampichini S, Esposito F. Novel insights into skeletal muscle function by mechanomyography: from the laboratory to the field. Sport Sciences for Health. 2015; 11(1):1-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11332-015-0219-z.
Chen X, Wen H, Li Q, Wang T, Chen S, Zheng Y-P, Zhang Z. Identifying transient patterns of in vivo muscle behaviors during isometric contraction by local polynomial regression. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. 2016; 24:93-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2015.09.009.
Cipriano JJ. Photographic manual of regional orthopaedic and neurological tests. 4th ed. Atlanta: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2003.
Ebersole KT, Malek DM. Fatigue and the electromechanical efficiency of the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles. Journal of Athletic Training. 2008; 43(2):152-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-43.2.152. PMid:18345339.
Ebersole KT, O’Connor KM, Wier AP. Mechanomyographic and electromyographic responses to repeated concentric muscle actions of the quadriceps femoris. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2006; 16(2):149-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2005.05.005. PMid:16139522.
Esposito F, Cé E, Gobbo M, Veicsteinas A, Orizio C. Surface EMG and mechanomyogram disclose isokinetic training effects on quadriceps muscle in elderly people. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2005; 94(5-6):549-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-005-1371-y. PMid:15942769.
Jansen R, Ament W, Verkerke GJ, Hof AL. Median power frequency of the surface electromyogram and blood lactate concentration in incremental cycle ergometry. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 1997; 75(2):102-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050133. PMid:9118974.
Kesar TM, Perumal R, Jancosko A, Reisman DS, Rudolph KS, Higginson JS, Binder-Macleod SA. Novel patterns of functional electrical stimulation have an immediate effect on dorsiflexor muscle function during gait for people poststroke. Physical Therapy. 2010; 90(1):55-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20090140. PMid:19926681.
Krueger E, Scheeren EM, Nogueira-Neto GN, Button VLSN, Nohama P. Advances and perspectives of mechanomyography. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Biomédica. 2014; 30(4):384-401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-3151.0541.
Malek MH, Coburn JW. Mechanomyographic responses are not influenced by the innervation zone for the vastus medialis. Muscle & Nerve. 2011; 44(3):424-31. PMid:21755516.
Matsunaga T, Shimada Y, Sato K. Muscle fatigue from intermittent stimulation with low and high frequency electrical pulses. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1999; 80(1):48-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90306-4. PMid:9915371.
Merletti R, Lo Conte LR. Advances in processing of surface myoelectric signals: part 1. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing. 1995; 33(3):362-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02510518. PMid:7666682.
Popovic MR, Thrasher TA. Neuroprostheses. In: Bowlin GL, Wnek G, editors. Encyclopedia of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering. New York: Informa Healthcare; 2004. p. 1056-65.
Prociow P, Wolczowski A, Amaral T, Dias O, Filipe J. Identification of hand movements based on MMG and EMG signals. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing; 2008; Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. Madeira: INSTICC; 2008. p. 534-9.
Seki K, Ogura T, Sato M, Ichie M. Changes of the evoked mechanomyogram during electrical stimulation. In: Annual Conference of the International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society; 2003; Brisbane. Sunshine Coast: IFESS; 2003.
Smith DB, Housh TJ, Stout JR, Johnson GO, Evetovich TK, Ebersole KT. Mechanomyographic responses to maximal eccentric isokinetic muscle actions. Journal of Applied Physiology. 1997; 82(3):1003-7. PMid:9074994.
Søgaard K, Orizio C, Sjøgaard G. Surface mechanomyogram amplitude is not attenuated by intramuscular pressure. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2006; 96(2):178-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-004-1211-5. PMid:15375662.
Spielmann JM, Laouris Y, Nordstrom MA, Robinson GA, Reinking RM, Stuart DG. Adaptation of cat motoneurons to sustained and intermittent extracellular activation. The Journal of Physiology. 1993; 464(1):75-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019625. PMid:8229829.
Stock MS, Beck TW, DeFreitas JM, Dillon MA. Linearity and reliability of the mechanomyographic amplitude versus concentric dynamic torque relationships for the superficial quadriceps femoris muscles. Muscle & Nerve. 2009; 41:324-49.
Tarata MT. Mechanomyography versus electromyography, in monitoring the muscular fatigue. Biomedical Engineering Online. 2003; 2(1):3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-2-3. PMid:12625837.
Yao W, Fuglevand RJ, Enoka RM. Motor-unit synchronization increases EMG amplitude and decreases force steadiness of simulated contractions. Journal of Neurophysiology. 2000; 83(1):441-52. PMid:10634886.
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