Effects of vibration therapy in the musculoskeletal system in post-surgical breast cancer women: longitudinal controlled clinical study
Mendes, Izabela dos Santos; Lima, Fernanda Pupio Silva; Freitas, Sergio Takeshi Tatsukawa de; Prianti, Tamires de Souza Moreira; Andrade, Adriano de Oliveira; Lima, Mario Oliveira
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2446-4740.00915
Res. Biomed. Eng., vol.32, n3, p.213-222, 2016
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Views: 879
Abstract
Introduction: The biomechanical changes that arise after breast cancer increase the need for new rehabilitation programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate medium- and long-term effects of vibration therapy on pain intensity, range of motion, myoelectric activity, and muscle strength of post-surgical breast cancer women. Methods: This controlled longitudinal clinical study was composed of 14 breast cancer women, who underwent vibration therapy treatment (VTG), and 14 healthy women, who constituted the control group (CG). The VTG performed ten 15-minutes sessions of vibration therapy on their affected upper limb. The volunteers were evaluated before and after treatment protocol, and three months later. Results: We observed an attenuation of pain intensity after vibration therapy (p < 0.0001) and significant increase in range of motion during extension, abduction, and adduction movements of the horizontal shoulder. We noticed a trend in the reduction of compensatory movements, which activated the muscle contraction mechanism. The scapular dynamometer values for shoulder strength were significant. The VTG had less muscle strength than the CG in all situations: before treatment (p < 0.0001), after treatment (p = 0.0024), and 3 months later (p = 0.0008). The VTG increased muscle strength after treatment (p = 0.0005) and 3 months later (p = 0.0006). Conclusion: Vibration therapy attenuated pain symptoms, improved shoulder movements, activated muscle contraction mechanism, and increased shoulder strength, which may be benefits of the conducted physical therapy.
Keywords
Breast cancer, Vibration therapy, Pain, Range of motion, Muscle activation, Muscle strength.
References
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Atalay OT, Ozkir A, Calik BB, Baskan E, Taskin H. Effects of phase I complex decongestive physiotherapy on physical functions and depression levels in breast cancer related lymph edema. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2015; 27(3):865-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.865. PMid:25931748.
Bensmaia SJ, Leung YY, Hsiao SS, Johnson KO. Vibratory adaptation of cutaneous mechanoreceptive afferents. Journal of Neurophysiology. 2005; 94(5):3023-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00002.2005. PMid:16014802.
BioEstat. Institute Mamiraua: statistical institute of science and technology [internet]. Manaus, 2015 [cited 2015 Mar 28]. Available from: http://www.mamiraua.org.br/pt-br/downloads/programas/
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Dahlin L, Lund I, Lundeberg T, Molander C. Vibratory stimulation increases the electro-cutaneous sensory detection and pain thresholds in women but not in men. Bio Med Central Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2006; 6(20):1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-6-20.
Delsys. Wearable sensors for movement sciences [internet]. Massachusetts, 2015 [cited 2015 Mar 28]. Available from: http://www.delsys.com/products/emgworks-software/download/.
Foti C, Laurini A, Tiberti S, Carli G, Tsarpela O, Adamidis K, Bonifazi M, Giombini A, Tihanyi J, Duvillard S, Vita M, Bosco C. Leg extension test, semg and vibratory stimuli to assess functional recovery following knee joint surgery. Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Journal. 2012; 2(2):127-32. PMid:23738286.
Galiano-Castillo N, Ariza-García A, Cantarero-Villanueva I, Fernández-Lao C, Díaz-Rodríguez L, Legerén-Alvarez M, Sánchez-Salado C, Del-Moral-Avila R, Arroyo-Morales M. Telehealth system (e-CUIDATE) to improve quality of life in breast cancer survivors: rationale and study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials. 2013; 14(187):1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-187. PMid:23799886.
Georgiou E, Hadjibalassi M, Lambrinou E, Andreou P, Elizabeth D, Papathanassoglou E. The impact of pain assessment on critically ill patients’ outcomes: a systematic review. Bio Med Central Research International. 2015; 2015:1-18.
Haddad CAS, Saad M, Perez MCJ, Miranda F Jr. Assessment of posture and joint movements of the upper limbs of patients after mastectomy and lymphadenectomy. Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil). 2013; 11(4):426-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-45082013000400004. PMid:24488379.
Hadi N, Soltanipour S, Talei A. Impact of modified radical mastectomy on health-related quality of life in women with early stage breast cancer. Archives of Iranian Medicine. 2012; 15(8):504-7. PMid:22827789.
International Society of Electrophysiolohy and Kinesiology – ISEK. Standards for reporting EMG data [internet]. Victoria: ISEK; 1999 [cited 2015 Mar 28]; Available from: http://earc.eng.niigata-u.ac.jp/links/ISEK_Standards.pdf.
Jeong HJ, Sim YJ, Hwang KH, Kim GC. Causes of shoulder pain in women with breast cancer-related lymphedema: a pilot study. Yonsei Medical Journal. 2011; 52(4):661-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2011.52.4.661.
Jung D, Moon DC. The effects of shoulder joint abduction angles on the muscle activity of the serratus anterior muscle and the upper trapezius muscle while vibrations are applied. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2015; 27(1):117-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.117. PMid:25642052.
Kim SS, Ju SB, Park GD. Changes in stress hormone levels with the application of vibrations before resistance exercises at different intensities. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2015; 27(9):2845-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.2845. PMid:26504307.
Liao LR, Huang M, Lam FMH, Pang MYC. Effects of whole-body vibration therapy on body functions and structures, activity, and participation poststroke: A systematic review. Physical Therapy. 2014; 94(9):1232-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20130366. PMid:24786940.
Londen GJ, Beckjord EB, Dew MA, Cooper KL, Davidson NE, Bovbjerg DH, Donovan HS, Thurston RC, Morse JQ, Nutt S, Rechis R. Associations between adjuvant endocrine therapy and onset of physical and emotional concerns among breast cancer survivors. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2014; 22(4):937-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-2041-y. PMid:24271937.
Martín ML, Hernández MA, Avendaño C, Rodríguez F, Martínez H. Manual lymphatic drainage therapy in patients with breast cancer related lymphedema. BMC Cancer. 2011; 11(94):1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-11-94. PMid:21392372.
Martínez F, Rubio JA, Ramos DJ, Esteban P, Mendizábal S, Jiménez F. Effects of 6-week whole body vibration training on the reflex response of the ankle muscles: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 2013; 8(1):15-24. PMid:23439725.
Mendes IS, Freitas STT, Lima FPS, Andrade AO, Lima MO. Vibrational Therapy after breast cancer: influence on the painful intensity and myoelectric activity. In: Proceedings of the 24th Brazilian Congress on Biomedical Engineering – CBEB; 2014 Out 13-17; Uberlândia, Brazil. Uberlândia: UFU; 2014. p. 945-8.
Mikhael M, Orr R, Amsen F, Greene D, Singh MAF. Effect of standing posture during whole body vibration training on muscle morphology and function in older adults: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Geriatrics. 2010; 10(74):1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-10-74. PMid:20946685.
Mutrie N, Campbell A, Barry S, Hefferon K, McConnachie A, Ritchie D, Tovey S. Five-year follow-up of participants in a randomised controlled trial showing benefits from exercise for breast cancer survivors during adjuvant treatment: are there lasting effects? Journal of Cancer Survivorship: Research and Practice. 2012; 6(4):420-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11764-012-0233-y. PMid:22836201.
Naghii MR, Darvishi P, Ebrahimpour Y, Ghanizadeh G, Mofid M, Hedayati M, Asgari AR. Effect of combination therapy of fatty acids, calcium, vitamin D and boron with regular physical activity on Cardiovascular risk factors in rat. Journal of Oleo Science. 2012; 61(2):103-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos.61.103. PMid:22277894.
OriginLab Corporation. [internet]. Northampton; 2015 [cited 2015 Mar 16]. Availabre from: http://www.originlab.com/
Osawa Y, Oguma Y, Ishii N. The effects of whole-body vibration on muscle strength and power: a meta-analysis. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions. 2013; 13(3):380-90. PMid:23989260.
Pereira TB, Bergmann A, Ribeiro ACP, Silva JG, Dias R, Ribeiro MJP, Thuler LCS. Myoeletric activity pattern of scapular muscles after axillary lymphadenectomy in breast cancer. Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2009; 31(5):224-9. PMid:19669029.
Rauch F, Sievanen H, Boonen S, Cardinale M, Degens H, Felsenberg D, Roth J, Schoenau E, Verschueren S, Rittweger J. Reporting whole-body vibration intervention studies: recommendations of the International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions. 2010; 10(3):193-8. PMid:20811143.
Rittweger J, Beller G, Felsenberg D. Acute physiological effects of exhaustive whole-body vibration exercise in man. Clinical Physiology (Oxford, England). 2010; 20(2):134-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2281.2000.00238.x. PMid:10735981.
Rodrick JR, Poage E, Wanchai A, Stewart BR, Cormier JN, Armer JM. Complementary, alternative, and other noncomplete decongestive therapy treatment methods in the management of lymphedema: a systematic search and review. PM & R. 2013; 6(3):250-74. PMid:24056160.
Seniam. Surface ElectroMyoGraphy for the non-invasive assessment of muscles. Biomedical Health and Research Program (BIOMED II) of the European Union [internet]. 2015 [cited 2015 Jan 30]. Available from: http://www.seniam.org/.
Silva JM, Lima MO, Paula AR Jr. Acute effect of vibratory stimulation in spastic hemiparetic after a stroke. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Biomédica. 2011; 27(4):224-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/rbeb.2011.018.
Smoot B, Wong J, Cooper B, Wanek L, Topp K, Byl N, Dodd M. Upper extremity impairments in women with or without lymphedema following breast cancer treatment. Journal of Cancer Survivorship: Research and Practice. 2010; 4(2):167-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11764-010-0118-x. PMid:20373044.
Souza GAS, Mendes IS, Oliveira F, Borges ACL, Lima MO, Lima FPS. Effect of vibration therapy on Lymphoedema surgical after care of breast cancer. In: Proceedings of the 18th Latin American Meeting of Scientific Initiation, 14th Latin American Postgraduate and 4th Meeting of Initiation to Teaching University of Vale do Paraiba; 2014 Out 23-24; São José dos Campos, Brazil. 2014. p. 1-4.
Springer BA, Levy E, McGarvey C, Pfalzer LA, Stout NL, Gerber LH, Soballe PW, Danoff J. Pre-operative assessment enables early diagnosis and recovery of shoulder function in patients with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2010; 120(1):135-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-009-0710-9. PMid:20054643.
Stillman BC. Vibratory motor stimulation. The Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 1970; 16(3):118-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(14)61096-5. PMid:25028186.
Stout NL, Binkley JM, Schmitz KH, Andrews K, Hayes SC, Campbell KL, McNeely ML, Soballe PW, Berger AM, Cheville AL, Fabian C, Gerber LH, Harris SR, Johansson K, Pusic AL, Prosnitz RG, Smith RS. A prospective surveillance model for rehabilitation for women with breast cancer. Cancer. 2012; 118(8 Suppl):2191-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.27476. PMid:22488693.
The MathWorks Inc. [internet]. Novi: MathWorks; 2015 [cited 2015 Mar 28]; Available from: http://www.mathworks.com/index.html?s_tid=gn_logo.
Tovar JR, Zandonade E, Amorim MHC. Factors associated with the incidence of local recurrences of breast cancer in women who underwent conservative surgery. International Journal of Breast Cancer. 2014; 2014:1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/639534.
Veqar Z, Imtiyaz S. Vibration therapy in management of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014; 8(6):1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2014/7323.4434.
Volz MS, Suarez-Contreras V, Mendonca ME, Pinheiro FS, Merabet LB, Fregni F. Effects of sensory behavioral tasks on pain threshold and cortical excitability. PLoS One. 2013; 8(1):e52968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052968. PMid:23301010.
Walczyńska-Dragon K, Baron S. The biomechanical and functional relationship between temporomandibular dysfunction and cervical spine pain. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics. 2011; 13(4):93-8. PMid:22339095.
Xu X, McGorry RW, Lin JH. A regression model predicting isometric shoulder muscle activities from arm postures and shoulder joint moments. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2014; 2014(24):419-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.02.004. PMid:24618104.
Yang J, Seo D. The effects of whole body vibration on static balance, spinal curvature, pain, and disability of patients with low back pain. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2015; 27(3):805-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.805. PMid:25931735.
Aman JE, Elangovan N, Yeh L, Konczak J. The effectiveness of proprioceptive training for improving motor function: a systematic review. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 2015; 8:1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01075. PMid:25674059.
Atalay OT, Ozkir A, Calik BB, Baskan E, Taskin H. Effects of phase I complex decongestive physiotherapy on physical functions and depression levels in breast cancer related lymph edema. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2015; 27(3):865-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.865. PMid:25931748.
Bensmaia SJ, Leung YY, Hsiao SS, Johnson KO. Vibratory adaptation of cutaneous mechanoreceptive afferents. Journal of Neurophysiology. 2005; 94(5):3023-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00002.2005. PMid:16014802.
BioEstat. Institute Mamiraua: statistical institute of science and technology [internet]. Manaus, 2015 [cited 2015 Mar 28]. Available from: http://www.mamiraua.org.br/pt-br/downloads/programas/
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Instituto Nacional do Cancer. Cancer palliative care: pain control [internet]. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; 2002 [cited 2015 Jan 04]. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/inca/manual_dor.pdf.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Instituto Nacional do Cancer. Estimation: incidence of cancer in Brazil [internet]. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; 2014 [cited 2015 Mar 16]. Availabre from: http://www.inca.gov.br/estimativa/2014/
Dahlin L, Lund I, Lundeberg T, Molander C. Vibratory stimulation increases the electro-cutaneous sensory detection and pain thresholds in women but not in men. Bio Med Central Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2006; 6(20):1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-6-20.
Delsys. Wearable sensors for movement sciences [internet]. Massachusetts, 2015 [cited 2015 Mar 28]. Available from: http://www.delsys.com/products/emgworks-software/download/.
Foti C, Laurini A, Tiberti S, Carli G, Tsarpela O, Adamidis K, Bonifazi M, Giombini A, Tihanyi J, Duvillard S, Vita M, Bosco C. Leg extension test, semg and vibratory stimuli to assess functional recovery following knee joint surgery. Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Journal. 2012; 2(2):127-32. PMid:23738286.
Galiano-Castillo N, Ariza-García A, Cantarero-Villanueva I, Fernández-Lao C, Díaz-Rodríguez L, Legerén-Alvarez M, Sánchez-Salado C, Del-Moral-Avila R, Arroyo-Morales M. Telehealth system (e-CUIDATE) to improve quality of life in breast cancer survivors: rationale and study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials. 2013; 14(187):1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-187. PMid:23799886.
Georgiou E, Hadjibalassi M, Lambrinou E, Andreou P, Elizabeth D, Papathanassoglou E. The impact of pain assessment on critically ill patients’ outcomes: a systematic review. Bio Med Central Research International. 2015; 2015:1-18.
Haddad CAS, Saad M, Perez MCJ, Miranda F Jr. Assessment of posture and joint movements of the upper limbs of patients after mastectomy and lymphadenectomy. Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil). 2013; 11(4):426-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-45082013000400004. PMid:24488379.
Hadi N, Soltanipour S, Talei A. Impact of modified radical mastectomy on health-related quality of life in women with early stage breast cancer. Archives of Iranian Medicine. 2012; 15(8):504-7. PMid:22827789.
International Society of Electrophysiolohy and Kinesiology – ISEK. Standards for reporting EMG data [internet]. Victoria: ISEK; 1999 [cited 2015 Mar 28]; Available from: http://earc.eng.niigata-u.ac.jp/links/ISEK_Standards.pdf.
Jeong HJ, Sim YJ, Hwang KH, Kim GC. Causes of shoulder pain in women with breast cancer-related lymphedema: a pilot study. Yonsei Medical Journal. 2011; 52(4):661-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2011.52.4.661.
Jung D, Moon DC. The effects of shoulder joint abduction angles on the muscle activity of the serratus anterior muscle and the upper trapezius muscle while vibrations are applied. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2015; 27(1):117-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.117. PMid:25642052.
Kim SS, Ju SB, Park GD. Changes in stress hormone levels with the application of vibrations before resistance exercises at different intensities. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2015; 27(9):2845-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.2845. PMid:26504307.
Liao LR, Huang M, Lam FMH, Pang MYC. Effects of whole-body vibration therapy on body functions and structures, activity, and participation poststroke: A systematic review. Physical Therapy. 2014; 94(9):1232-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20130366. PMid:24786940.
Londen GJ, Beckjord EB, Dew MA, Cooper KL, Davidson NE, Bovbjerg DH, Donovan HS, Thurston RC, Morse JQ, Nutt S, Rechis R. Associations between adjuvant endocrine therapy and onset of physical and emotional concerns among breast cancer survivors. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2014; 22(4):937-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-2041-y. PMid:24271937.
Martín ML, Hernández MA, Avendaño C, Rodríguez F, Martínez H. Manual lymphatic drainage therapy in patients with breast cancer related lymphedema. BMC Cancer. 2011; 11(94):1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-11-94. PMid:21392372.
Martínez F, Rubio JA, Ramos DJ, Esteban P, Mendizábal S, Jiménez F. Effects of 6-week whole body vibration training on the reflex response of the ankle muscles: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 2013; 8(1):15-24. PMid:23439725.
Mendes IS, Freitas STT, Lima FPS, Andrade AO, Lima MO. Vibrational Therapy after breast cancer: influence on the painful intensity and myoelectric activity. In: Proceedings of the 24th Brazilian Congress on Biomedical Engineering – CBEB; 2014 Out 13-17; Uberlândia, Brazil. Uberlândia: UFU; 2014. p. 945-8.
Mikhael M, Orr R, Amsen F, Greene D, Singh MAF. Effect of standing posture during whole body vibration training on muscle morphology and function in older adults: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Geriatrics. 2010; 10(74):1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-10-74. PMid:20946685.
Mutrie N, Campbell A, Barry S, Hefferon K, McConnachie A, Ritchie D, Tovey S. Five-year follow-up of participants in a randomised controlled trial showing benefits from exercise for breast cancer survivors during adjuvant treatment: are there lasting effects? Journal of Cancer Survivorship: Research and Practice. 2012; 6(4):420-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11764-012-0233-y. PMid:22836201.
Naghii MR, Darvishi P, Ebrahimpour Y, Ghanizadeh G, Mofid M, Hedayati M, Asgari AR. Effect of combination therapy of fatty acids, calcium, vitamin D and boron with regular physical activity on Cardiovascular risk factors in rat. Journal of Oleo Science. 2012; 61(2):103-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos.61.103. PMid:22277894.
OriginLab Corporation. [internet]. Northampton; 2015 [cited 2015 Mar 16]. Availabre from: http://www.originlab.com/
Osawa Y, Oguma Y, Ishii N. The effects of whole-body vibration on muscle strength and power: a meta-analysis. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions. 2013; 13(3):380-90. PMid:23989260.
Pereira TB, Bergmann A, Ribeiro ACP, Silva JG, Dias R, Ribeiro MJP, Thuler LCS. Myoeletric activity pattern of scapular muscles after axillary lymphadenectomy in breast cancer. Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2009; 31(5):224-9. PMid:19669029.
Rauch F, Sievanen H, Boonen S, Cardinale M, Degens H, Felsenberg D, Roth J, Schoenau E, Verschueren S, Rittweger J. Reporting whole-body vibration intervention studies: recommendations of the International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions. 2010; 10(3):193-8. PMid:20811143.
Rittweger J, Beller G, Felsenberg D. Acute physiological effects of exhaustive whole-body vibration exercise in man. Clinical Physiology (Oxford, England). 2010; 20(2):134-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2281.2000.00238.x. PMid:10735981.
Rodrick JR, Poage E, Wanchai A, Stewart BR, Cormier JN, Armer JM. Complementary, alternative, and other noncomplete decongestive therapy treatment methods in the management of lymphedema: a systematic search and review. PM & R. 2013; 6(3):250-74. PMid:24056160.
Seniam. Surface ElectroMyoGraphy for the non-invasive assessment of muscles. Biomedical Health and Research Program (BIOMED II) of the European Union [internet]. 2015 [cited 2015 Jan 30]. Available from: http://www.seniam.org/.
Silva JM, Lima MO, Paula AR Jr. Acute effect of vibratory stimulation in spastic hemiparetic after a stroke. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Biomédica. 2011; 27(4):224-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/rbeb.2011.018.
Smoot B, Wong J, Cooper B, Wanek L, Topp K, Byl N, Dodd M. Upper extremity impairments in women with or without lymphedema following breast cancer treatment. Journal of Cancer Survivorship: Research and Practice. 2010; 4(2):167-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11764-010-0118-x. PMid:20373044.
Souza GAS, Mendes IS, Oliveira F, Borges ACL, Lima MO, Lima FPS. Effect of vibration therapy on Lymphoedema surgical after care of breast cancer. In: Proceedings of the 18th Latin American Meeting of Scientific Initiation, 14th Latin American Postgraduate and 4th Meeting of Initiation to Teaching University of Vale do Paraiba; 2014 Out 23-24; São José dos Campos, Brazil. 2014. p. 1-4.
Springer BA, Levy E, McGarvey C, Pfalzer LA, Stout NL, Gerber LH, Soballe PW, Danoff J. Pre-operative assessment enables early diagnosis and recovery of shoulder function in patients with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2010; 120(1):135-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-009-0710-9. PMid:20054643.
Stillman BC. Vibratory motor stimulation. The Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 1970; 16(3):118-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(14)61096-5. PMid:25028186.
Stout NL, Binkley JM, Schmitz KH, Andrews K, Hayes SC, Campbell KL, McNeely ML, Soballe PW, Berger AM, Cheville AL, Fabian C, Gerber LH, Harris SR, Johansson K, Pusic AL, Prosnitz RG, Smith RS. A prospective surveillance model for rehabilitation for women with breast cancer. Cancer. 2012; 118(8 Suppl):2191-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.27476. PMid:22488693.
The MathWorks Inc. [internet]. Novi: MathWorks; 2015 [cited 2015 Mar 28]; Available from: http://www.mathworks.com/index.html?s_tid=gn_logo.
Tovar JR, Zandonade E, Amorim MHC. Factors associated with the incidence of local recurrences of breast cancer in women who underwent conservative surgery. International Journal of Breast Cancer. 2014; 2014:1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/639534.
Veqar Z, Imtiyaz S. Vibration therapy in management of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014; 8(6):1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2014/7323.4434.
Volz MS, Suarez-Contreras V, Mendonca ME, Pinheiro FS, Merabet LB, Fregni F. Effects of sensory behavioral tasks on pain threshold and cortical excitability. PLoS One. 2013; 8(1):e52968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052968. PMid:23301010.
Walczyńska-Dragon K, Baron S. The biomechanical and functional relationship between temporomandibular dysfunction and cervical spine pain. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics. 2011; 13(4):93-8. PMid:22339095.
Xu X, McGorry RW, Lin JH. A regression model predicting isometric shoulder muscle activities from arm postures and shoulder joint moments. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2014; 2014(24):419-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.02.004. PMid:24618104.
Yang J, Seo D. The effects of whole body vibration on static balance, spinal curvature, pain, and disability of patients with low back pain. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2015; 27(3):805-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.805. PMid:25931735.
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